What are the main parts of the impact crusher? What role do they play in the crushing process?

The impact crusher is a device that uses impact energy to efficiently crush materials. Its core components and functional principles are as follows:

I. Main components and functions
Rotor
Structure: It adopts integral cast steel (large equipment) or steel plate welded structure (small equipment), with large rotational inertia to ensure energy transfer when crushing large pieces of material.
Function: High-speed rotation drives the plate hammer to impact the material, which is the power core of the crushing process. Its design directly affects the crushing efficiency and stability.
Ball hammer
Material: Forged from high manganese steel, medium carbon alloy steel or bearing steel, with strong impact resistance.
Function: Directly impact the material to crush it for the first time, and throw the material to the impact plate. After wear, the head can be turned around or the guard plate can be replaced to extend its life.

Impact plate
Material: Wear-resistant materials such as high manganese steel to ensure repeated impact.
Function:
Withstand the impact of the material thrown by the plate hammer to crush it for the second time.
Bounce the crushed material back to the crushing area to form multiple impacts.
Shape optimization: The arc design can enhance the collision between materials and improve the crushing efficiency.
Frame and transmission parts
Frame: Support the crushing chamber to ensure structural stability.
Transmission parts: The motor power is transmitted to the rotor through the V-belt, etc., driving it to rotate at high speed.
Adjustment device
Function: Adjust the gap between the impact plate and the hammer to control the particle size of the discharge.
Implementation method:
Hydraulic adjustment (such as European version equipment): Fine-tune the gap by adding or removing gaskets or hydraulic cylinder action.
Mechanical adjustment: The top screw device can be adjusted quickly to meet different production needs.

2、Working principle and process
Material enters the crushing chamber: falls through the feed port and enters the hammer action area.
Primary crushing: The high-speed rotating hammer impacts the material, causing it to be thrown toward the impact plate in the tangential direction.
Secondary crushing: The material hits the impact plate and rebounds, and is impacted by the hammer again, forming a cycle of crushing.
Particle size control: When the material particle size is smaller than the gap between the hammer and the impact plate, it is discharged from the discharge port.
Advantages: The material is in a cubic shape with less fine powder, suitable for high-grade highways, construction and other fields.

3、Technical highlights and application scenarios
Anti-blocking design: A heating device can be configured to prevent wet materials from sticking, and there is no grate at the bottom to avoid blockage.
Efficient adjustment: Flexible adjustment of the particle size of the material to meet the production needs of multiple specifications.
Applicable materials: ore, concrete, etc. with a compressive strength of ≤350MPa, widely used in mining, construction, chemical and other industries.
By optimizing the synergy of various components, the impact crusher achieves efficient and precise material crushing, becoming a key equipment for crushing medium-hard materials.